Beta-carotene and lycopene influence cellular signaling pathways to inhibit the growth and
proliferation of cancer cells through the following mechanisms:
Apoptosis: Promoting programmed cell death in abnormal prostate cells.
Inhibition of Angiogenesis: Preventing the formation of new blood vessels needed for tumor
growth.
Beta-carotene, as a precursor to vitamin A, supports the immune system's ability to detect and
destroy abnormal or precancerous cells.
Lycopene has demonstrated the ability to disrupt cancer cell signaling pathways, particularly those
involved in the regulation of cell cycle and metastasis, thereby slowing tumor progression.
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