Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance in the normal bacteria that inhabit the vagina. The vagina typically contains a variety of bacteria, including Lactobacilli, which are "good" bacteria that help maintain a healthy, slightly acidic environment. When the balance between these bacteria is disrupted, and there is an overgrowth of harmful bacteria, such as Gardnerella vaginalis, it can lead to the development of bacterial vaginosis.